Most insurers use the Public Protection Classification (PPC) for underwriting and calculating premiums for residential, commercial, and industrial properties.

Field Survey

To determine a community's PPC, ISO conducts a field survey. Expert ISO staff visit the community to observe and evaluate features of the fire-protection systems.

Three Areas Evaluated

Using a manual called the Fire Suppression Rating Schedule (FSRS), ISO objectively evaluates three major areas:

1. Fire alarm and communications systems. A review of the fire alarm system accounts for 10% of the total classification. The review focuses on the community's facilities and support for handling and dispatching fire alarms.
2. A review of the fire department accounts for 50% of the total classification. ISO focuses on a fire department's first-alarm response and initial attack to minimize potential loss. Here, ISO reviews such items as engine companies, ladder or service companies, distribution of fire stations and fire companies, equipment carried on apparatus, pumping capacity, reserve apparatus, department personnel, and training.
3. A review of the water-supply system accounts for 40% of the total classification. ISO reviews the water supply a community uses to determine the adequacy for fire-suppression purposes. Hydrant size, type, and installation, as well as the inspection frequency and condition of fire hydrants.

Additional Information

For more information about the Insurance Services Office and Public Protection Classification process, please visit their ISO Mitigation website.